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Table 5 Plant taxa identified in seed and fruit assemblages from Çatalhöyük excavations, 1996-1999 (every effort has been made to obtain as accurate Turkish names as possible)
Domestic plants
Latin name |
English name |
Turkish name |
Part(s) identified |
Cerealia |
cereal type |
- |
awns |
Cicer sp. |
chickpea |
Nohut |
seed |
*Hordeum vulgare var. nudum |
naked barley |
Arpa |
grains |
Hordeum vulgare |
hulled barley |
Arpa |
grains |
Hordeum vulgare s.l. |
barley |
Arpa |
rachis segments |
*Lens culinaris |
lentil |
Mercimek |
seed |
*Pisum sativum |
pea |
Bezelye |
seed |
*Triticum dicoccum |
emmer wheat |
Emmer bugday |
grains, spikelet forks/glume bases |
*Triticum monoccum |
einkorn wheat |
Einkorn bugday |
grains, possibly spikelet forks |
Triticum aestivum |
bread wheat |
Ekmekli bugday |
rachis segments |
Vicia cf. ervilla |
bitter vetch |
- |
seed |
Non-domestic plants
Potential selected resources
Latin name |
English name |
Turkish name |
Part(s) identified |
*Amygdalus sp. |
wild plum/almond |
Badem |
fruitstone |
*Celtis sp. |
hackberry |
Çitlembik |
mineralised endocarps |
Ficus sp. |
fig |
Incir |
achene |
Juniperus sp. |
juniper |
Ardiç |
fruitstone |
Pistacia cf. terebinthus |
pistachio |
Fistik |
seed |
Prunus sp. |
plum |
Erik/Kiraz |
fruitstone |
Quercus sp. |
acorn |
Mese |
acorn + cup bases |
Rhus sp. |
sumach |
Sumak |
seed |
*Scirpus maritimus |
sea club-rush |
- |
*nutlets, *tubers |
Wild/weed taxa
Latin name |
English name |
Turkish name |
Part(s) identified |
Adonis sp. |
pheasant’s eye |
Keklikgözlü |
seed |
Aeluropus sp. |
|
- |
grain |
Alnus sp. |
alder |
Kizil agaç |
seed |
Amaranthus sp. |
pigweed |
Tilikuyrugu |
seed |
Anagalis sp. |
scarlet pimpernel |
Farekulagi |
nutlet |
Asteraceae |
daisy family |
- |
seeds |
Astralagus sp. |
milk vetch |
Geven |
seed |
Brassicaceae |
cabbage family |
- |
seed |
Bromus sp. |
brome grass |
- |
grain |
Carex sp. |
sedge |
- |
nutlet |
Centaurea sp. |
star thistle |
Peygamber çiçegi |
seed |
Caryophyllaceae |
pink family |
- |
seed |
Chenopodiaceae |
goosefoot family |
- |
seed |
Chenopodium sp. |
goosefoot |
Sirken |
seed |
Convolvulaceae |
bindweed |
Mahmude otu |
seed |
*Fabaceae (small-seeded) |
pea family |
- |
seed |
Fumaria sp. |
Fumitory |
Sahtere otu |
seed |
Galium sp. |
bedstraw/cleavers |
- |
seed |
Heliotropium sp. |
heliotrope |
Sigil out |
seed |
Lathyrus sp. |
vetchling |
- |
seed |
Linum sp. |
flax |
Keten |
seed |
Lithospermum arvense |
corn gromwell |
- |
mineralised seed |
Lolium sp |
rye grass |
Delice |
grain |
Malva sp. |
mallow |
- |
seed |
Medicago sp. |
medick |
- |
seed |
Oenanthe cf. fluviatalis/aquitalis |
water dropwort |
- |
seed |
Phalaris sp. |
canary grass |
Kus yemi |
grain |
Poaceae (Phragmites type) |
grass family (reed type) |
- |
stem fragments |
Poaceae (small-seeded) |
grass family |
- |
grain |
Polygonum sp. |
knotweed |
Madimak |
nutlet |
Potamogeton sp. |
pondweed |
- |
seed |
Rumex sp. |
dock |
- |
nutlet |
Salsola sp. |
saltwort |
- |
seed |
Scorpiurus sp. |
caterpillar |
- |
seed |
Sisymbrium type |
- |
- |
seed |
Thymelaea sp. |
thymelaea |
- |
seed |
Trigonella sp. |
trigonel |
- |
seed |
* = common; Latin names follow Zohary & Hopf 1994, The Flora of Turkey and common names follow Van Zeist & Bakker-Heere, 1982.
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